# 2.SpringMVC-HelloWord
# 1.准备
1.配置maven
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.39</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 日志-->
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
<version>1.4.6</version>
</dependency>
<!-- servlet-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- spring和thymeleaf整合包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
<artifactId>thymeleaf-spring5</artifactId>
<version>3.0.12.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
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2.创建webapp和xml
xml在模块中创建，一定要是这个包
# 2.配置xml文件
webxml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!-- 配置springMVC前端控制器，对浏览器发送的请求进行统一处理-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 配置springMVC配置文件的位置和名称-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- 提取初始化提高效率,默认第一次访问页面时进行初始化-->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
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springmvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
">
<!-- 配置Thymeleaf视图解析器 -->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.view.ThymeleafViewResolver">
<property name="order" value="1"/>
<property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
<property name="templateEngine">
<bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.SpringTemplateEngine">
<property name="templateResolver">
<bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.templateresolver.SpringResourceTemplateResolver">
<!-- 视图前缀 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/templates/"/>
<!-- 视图后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".html"/>
<property name="templateMode" value="HTML5"/>
<property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8" />
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
<context:component-scan base-package="com.demo.spring"/>
</beans>
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# 3.编写示例
1.编写html
xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"让他被解析器识别
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org" >
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>首页</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>首页</h1>
</body>
</html>
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2.编写controller控制器
/+index加解析器的后缀匹配就得到了要跳转的页面
@Controller
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping("/")
public String index() {
return "index";
}
}
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# 4.跳转界面
1.在index添加(此处按绝对路径匹配，不用手动加项目名)
<a th:href="@{/target}">跳转到目标页面</a>
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2.编写controller
@RequestMapping("/target")
public String toTarget(){
return "target";
}
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3.在/WEB-INF/templates目录下创建target.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>target</title>
</head>
<body>
Hello World
</body>
</html>
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# 5.总结
1）浏览器发送请求
2）若请求地址符合前端控制器的路径匹配模式（url-pattern），那么请求被前端控制器DIspatcherServlet处理
3）前端控制器读取SpringMvc配置文件，通过组件扫描到控制器，将请求地址与@RequestMapping注解的value进行匹配，找到对应方法返回字符串路径
4）解析器根据返回值进行解析，拼接前后缀组成路径
5）Thymeleaf根据路径找到对应的html文件渲染视图
6）响应结果